Present perfect

• Form: I/we/you /they  have   played

            He/she /it          has      played

• Use

• We use the present  perfect  in the following cases : 

• To talk about a period of time up to the present.

e.g. I have joined Microsoft company since 3 years.

• To talk about an action completed in the recent past.

                     e.g. I have just arrived from work .

                            I have found the key you are looking for

• To talk about how long an action has lasted.

e.g. The baby has grown since the last time I saw him.

       The financial crisis has spread tremendously in the last three months.

• To talk about an action that has been repeated several times.

                      e.g. I have been to Rome four times

• To explain the past cause of a present state..

e.g. There is no milk left. Who has drunk it?

       She’s alone. Her parents have gone away.

• The present perfect is often used with: already, Often, lately just, yet, ever, recently, still, since and for.      

e.g. He has often been in London.

          I have never met

           Has he written to you lately

          Have you finished yet?

          I have seen her recently..

• After when/as soon as/ after/before/until etc. when referring to an activity which will be completed  in the future.

e.g. I’ll lend you the book when I have finished with it.

      Don’t hand in your work until you have checked it.

Exercise